Nursing Care Plan for Mastoiditis

Nursing Diagnosis Intervention

Mastoiditis is the result of an infection that extends to the air cells of the skull behind the ear.



Causes of Mastoiditis

Acute mastoiditis:

• Haemophilus influenzae.
• Streptococcus pneumoniae.
• Streptococcus pyogenes.
• Moraxella catarrhalis.
• Staphylococcus aureus, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection (MRSA).

Chronic mastoiditis:

• Staphylococcus aureus, including MRSA.
• Infection is often polymicrobial.
• Gram-negative organisms such as Escherichia coli, Proteus, or Pseudomonas.
• Anaerobic bacteria: Peptostreptococcus species, anaerobic Gram-negative bacilli (ie, pigmented Prevotella, Porphyromonas, and Bacteroides species) and Fusobacterium species.
• Mycobacterium tuberculosis, nontuberculous mycobacteria, and Mycobacterium bovis are rare causes.

Symptoms of Mastoiditis

• Ear pain or discomfort
• Drainage from the ear
• Headache
• Fever, may be high or suddenly increase
• Redness of the ear or behind the ear
• Hearing loss
• Swelling behind ear, may cause ear to stick out

Nursing Diagnosis for Mastoiditis

1. Acute pain related to inflammation process.
2. Disturbed Sensory perception related to obstruction, infection of the middle ear or auditory nerve damage.
3. Anxiety related to the inability to communicate.
4. Risk for injury related to vertigo and a decrease in body balance